Saunders+S

= FINAL PROJECT - PREZI: = = http://tinyurl.com/799nf4p =


 * Unemployment in Ancient Rome:**
 * 1) Farming
 * 2) Farmer who were wealthy men and used slave labor:
 * 3) Put other farmers out of business
 * 4) Produced goods cheaply
 * 5) Farmers who had to pay workers:
 * 6) Could not afford goods
 * 7) Lost or sold their farms
 * 8) Could not compete with pricing
 * 9) Unemployed Roman Citizens
 * 10) Increased crime rate
 * 11) Caused trouble
 * 12) Were considered a “burden”
 * 13) Dependency on Government
 * 14) Handouts from state
 * 15) Fed by imported grain
 * 16) More that 100,000 people at a time relied on necessities from government
 * 17) Created policies for unrestricted trade
 * 18) Working class was unable to compete with foreign trade
 * 19) Financially supported unemployed to make up difference in pricing
 * 20) Romans chose to give up standard of living to live in “life of ease” under subsides
 * 21) Divided wealthy and poor even more
 * 22) Slave Labor
 * 23) Cheap labor caused loss of jobs in working class


 * Unemployment in the United States:**
 * 1) Unemployment Rate
 * 2) Currently around 8.5% of labor force
 * 3) 39% of citizens see it as greatest problem in U.S.
 * 4) 44% of citizens thought a Republican would be able to handle issue
 * 5) 37% of citizens thought a Democrat would be able to handle the issue
 * 6) Long Term Unemployment
 * 7) Main causes include welfare payments and unemployment insurance
 * 8) “Long term” refers to being unemployed for longer then a year
 * 9) Who’s Unemployed (Based on 2011)
 * 10) Age Groups
 * 11) 26% - Under 25
 * 12) 24% - 25-34
 * 13) 17% - 35-44
 * 14) 18% - 45-54
 * 15) 16% - 55+
 * 16) Highest Education Level Completed
 * 17) 26% - Other
 * 18) 12% - Less than High School
 * 19) 26% - High School Diploma
 * 20) 21% - Some College
 * 21) 11% - Bachelor’s Degree
 * 22) 5% - Advanced Degree
 * 23) Ethnicity Group
 * 24) 53% - White
 * 25) 20% - Black
 * 26) 4% - Asian
 * 27) 20% - Hispanic
 * 28) 3% - Other
 * 29) Welfare/Unemployment Compensation
 * 30) Eligibility
 * 31) Depends on crisis situation, size of family, and gross and net income
 * 32) Crisis situations can include medical emergencies, pregnancy, homelessness, or unemployment
 * 33) Unemployment
 * 34) All who are aided must find work within 2 years
 * 35) Single parents are required to work at least 30 hours a week
 * 36) Two parents are required to work at least 35 to 55 hours a week
 * 37) Types and Amounts Available
 * 38) Varies throughout states
 * 39) Offer basic necessities such as health care, food stamps, chid care assistance, cash aid, and housing assistance
 * 40) No longer one source and one set of requirements after Federal Government gave control to states
 * 41) Why People Are Unemployed
 * 42) 2008-2009 recession recovery
 * 43) President Obama planned a bill to help with this concern
 * 44) Interview Issues
 * 45) Presentation of themselves
 * 46) Cannot answer difficult questions in an interview
 * 47) Inability to identify or describe skills and abilities
 * 48) Inability to Find a Job
 * 49) Are qualified but cannot or do not spend enough time looking for a job
 * 50) Lack of job creation (could be from government spending)
 * 51) Less Investments in Companies
 * 52) Solutions
 * 53) “Green Jobs”
 * 54) Eco-friendly energy plants
 * 55) Windmills
 * 56) Solar energy
 * 57) Watermills
 * 58) Public Works
 * 59) “No Cost Stimulus” bill
 * 60) Opening closed off areas of Outer Continental Shelf
 * 61) Gas
 * 62) Oil
 * 63) Licensing of nuclear power plants
 * 64) “GOP Tax Cut & Unemployment” bill
 * 65) Gives money towards energy and water programs
 * 66) “Temporary Payroll Tax Cut Continuation Act"
 * 67) Effect on Society
 * 68) Health
 * 69) Emotional/Mental
 * 70) Self confidence
 * 71) Low self esteem
 * 72) Frustration
 * 73) Hopeless
 * 74) Embarrassment
 * 75) Diseases
 * 76) Depression
 * 77) General health issues if dependent on heath care provided by job
 * 78) Social
 * 79) Loss of social skills
 * 80) Loss of interactions
 * 81) Tension
 * 82) Taxes
 * 83) Unable to afford
 * 84) Personal
 * 85) Arguments
 * 86) Money issues
 * 87) Political Issues
 * 88) Loss of trust in administration
 * 89) Political instability
 * 90) Crime/Violence
 * 91) Suicide cases
 * 92) Increase in crime rate
 * 93) Standard of living


 * Questions:**
 * How do "green jobs" effect a society?
 * What jobs, bills, or projects have had the largest impact on lowering the unemployment rate that "sky-rocketed" in the 2008-2009 recession? Why? How do these compare to other jobs, bills, or projects that have been attempted in solving the issue?
 * What other jobs positively effect an ecosystem but still solve the issue of a high unemployment rate?
 * What unemployment bills have passed and had a major impact on the United States?
 * Are there any ways to prevent unemployment for a certain time period?
 * Are there "inexpensive" ways to decrease unemployment, and still benefit other aspects in a society?


 * Expert Contacts:**
 * Shelley Marshall - president of workforce company called Super Jobs
 * Michael Toffel - major in economics at Harvard
 * Robert Stavins - major in economics at Harvard & wrote several articles on unemployment solutions
 * Julia Heath - professor at U.C. in economics


 * Email From Julia Heath (I'm In Purple/Maroon; She's In Red):**

Ms. Saunders, I'm happy to help--see my answers below.

Dear Ms. Heath Hello, my name is Saunders Swan. I am a 7th grade student in Cincinnati and am researching about unemployment in Social Studies. I was wondering if you could answer a few questions I have on unemployment and possible solutions for this issue.

In terms of affecting unemployment, jobs are jobs, no matter what sector of the economy they are in. If a sector of the economy is growing, and thus spurs growth in other sectors--like a domino effect--then that impact, of course would be much higher. For example, the green movement involves emerging technology, which spills over into other sectors. The stimulus bill at the federal level sent money to states so they could engage in a wide variety of projects, which kept the unemployment rate much lower than it would have been otherwise. Also, when the Federal Reserve bought back bonds that put money into the banking sector of the economy. To the extent the banks turned around and loaned that money back out, it was a stimulus to the economy, encouraging businesses to increase production and therefore, hiring. I'm not sure what you're asking here--but again, a job is a job, and regardless of what sector of the economy, when jobs are added, the unemployment rate goes down. There are three kinds of unemployment--frictional, structural, and cyclical. Frictional unemployment is when people graduate and are looking for a job, or they leave one employer to find another, better job at another employer. We will always have frictional unemployment and it is a good thing because it means people are looking for the best match for them. Structural is when people's skills don't match up with the job requirements. So when we lose manufacturing jobs to overseas plants and workers who know how to work on an assembly line, for example, are out of work and can't find another job--that's structural. Usually job training can address this to a large extent--we can train an assembly line worker how to fix computers for example. Cyclical is unemployment created when there just isn't enough demand for what our economy is producing. When consumers and the government simply don't want to buy everything that businesses are producing, eventually businesses stop producing as much. When they cut down on production, then they don't need as many workers as they did before, creating unemployment. The most recent downturn we've experienced was largely cyclical and unfortunately, there's nothing that anyone can do to prevent it. Governments can react to it once it occurs (as with the stimulus, etc.), but we can't prevent it because it follows the business cycle--the economy goes up and down like a roller coaster. We can't keep it from going up and down, but we can, to some extent, control how high the ups are and how low the downs are. Any action the government takes to reduce unemployment will be expensive. The government can do nothing and just wait it out (wait for an upturn), but doing nothing is also very expensive (unemployment benefits, the toll on families who are struggling). Any action by the government or the Federal Reserve is going to be expensive, but reducing unemployment does benefit other parts of the economy. The fewer people who are out of work, the less drag on the whole economy.
 * How do "green jobs" effect a society?
 * What jobs, bills, or projects have had the largest impact on lowering the unemployment rate that "sky-rocketed" in the 2008-2009 recession?
 * What other jobs positively effect an ecosystem but still solve the issue of a high unemployment rate?
 * Are there any ways to prevent unemployment for a certain time period?
 * Are there "inexpensive" ways to decrease unemployment, and still benefit other aspects in a society?

I hope this helps.

Dr. Heath

About Blog Environment and Economics: []


 * Bibliography:**

Swan, Saunders. "Unemployment Questions." Message to Julia Heath. 8 Feb 2012. E-mail.

Jones, Jeffrey. "Unemployment Re-Emerges as Most Important Problem in U.S.." //Gallup Politics//. N.p., 15 Sep 2011. Web. 2 Feb 2012. < [|__http://www.gallup.com/poll/149453/unemployment-emerges-important-problem.asp&xgt__] ;.

."Reasons Why the Roman Empire Fell." . N.p., 2008. Web. 31 Jan 2012. <[|__http://www.roman-colosseum.info/roman-empire/reason-why-the-roman-empire-fell.htm__]>.

. "Fall of the Roman Empire: Unemployment." //Rome.Info//. N.p., 31 Jan 2012. Web. 31 Jan 2012. < [|__http://www.rome.info/history/empire/fall/__] >.

. "Five Long Term Unemployment Questions." //The PEW Charitable Trusts//. N.p., 1 Feb 2012. Web. 2 Feb 2012. <[|__http://www.pewtrusts.org/uploadedFiles/wwwpewtrustsorg/Reports/Fiscal_Analysis/Pew_PFAI_Unemployment_Chartbook.pdf__]>.

. "Eligibility Requirements for State Welfare Programs." //Welfare Information//. N.p., 2012. Web. 3 Feb 2012. < [|__http://www.welfareinfo.org/__] >.

. "SOLUTIONS: How To Reduce Unemployment." //The Washington Times//. The Washington Times, 27 Sep 2009. Web. 3 Feb 2012. < [|__http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/sep/27/solutions-what-should-be-done-reduce-unemployment/__] >.

. "The Effects of Unemployment on a Society." //Job Interview & Career Guide//. N.p., 12 Oct 2010. Web. 3 Feb 2012. < [|__http://www.job-interview-site.com/the-effects-of-unemployment-on-society-and-the-economy.html__] >

Sherk, James. "The Cause of High Unemployment: Still Due to Dwindling Job Creation." //The Heritage Foundation//. N.p., 24 Mar 2010. Web. 5 Feb 2012. < [|__http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2010/03/the-cause-of-high-unemployment-still-due-to-dwindling-job-creation__] >.

Stavins, Robert. "Reflections on Twenty Years of Policy Innovation ." //An Economic View Of The Environment//. N.p., 3 Feb 2012. Web. 7 Feb 2012. .

. "The Great Depression." . N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Feb 2012. .

Kelly, Martin. "Top 10 New Deal Programs." //American History//. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Feb 2012. .

. "PWA." //Blueprint America//. Thirteen, 5 Jun 2009. Web. 12 Feb 2012. .

Jacob, Jijo. "Top Five Reasons for High Unemployment in the U.S.." //International Business Times//. N.p., 9 Feb 2011. Web. 12 Feb 2012. .